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SHIFT: Video games are not art

games_not_art.jpg

Last year, my colleague Adam Frucci took the position in his weekly column that video games are art. And in the last several months the debate has heated up with differing points of view. Film critic Roger Ebert weighed in recently to say video games are not art, while various gaming insiders — notably Newsweek's N'Gai Croal rallied to the cause that they are. As a longtime video-game reviewer, I'll be the first to say that I don't know art, but I know what I like, and I believe games are most certainly not art. And I'll tell you why.

Artistic Qualities Doesn't Mean Art
There is no denying that video games have artistic qualities and, more importantly, artistic elements. Games after all are the result of hard work by a number of creative and artistic people. Every game has a team that works on the "art," meaning the graphics. There are also creative people that write the story and work out the plot. This is an artistic endeavor. Additionally, while we think of games as a visual medium, sound is just as important. There are those creative people who write the music, design the sound effects, and in the case of many games there are those labeled "talent" who in turn provide the voices of the characters. All these various people work together to create the game. But is the end product art?

Is an ad campaign art? Are the signs on the highway that we see every day art? Is that menu at the local diner art? Where do we draw the line on what's art and what's merely artistic?

Gamers, and the game industry as a whole, once again feel the need to rally around another pointless cause. Does it even matter if games are not art? Electronic entertainment gets mildly insulted by the likes of Roger Ebert, and suddenly gamers are so threatened that they feel the need to stand up and defend their right to game!

The A-Word's Real Purpose
But is there a more sinister purpose for this need to defend art? Last week Gordon Hall, founder of game design company RockStar Leeds, suggested that the video-game industry support the "games as art" agenda. Why does Hall feel so strongly about this issue? Well, he has a lot at stake, and I personally doubt it is whether his "art" lives on for the ages.

More to the point, Hall makes his claim because of the recent ban in the U.K. of the Rockstar game ManHunt 2, which also received an AO (Adults Only) rating in the United States. Hall is worried that his "art" is at stake. But let's back up and look at what's really at stake. Game publisher Take-Two had previously suggested that the AO rating would someone cost them $135 million (note: this "lost" money is from potential profits, so nothing is really lost). Suddenly, Hall throws around the word art, and even goes so far to say that games — including Manhunt 2, which has the player killing people with a chainsaw — are somehow even more artistic than film and thus the ban in the U.K. is censorship. Somehow I don't buy that even Grand Theft Auto is on par with The Godfather or Citizen Kane.

And the word art has come up again and again to fight California's proposed video-game legislation. Apparently actor-turned-governor Arnold Schwarzenegger is now trying censor art by fining retailers that sell Mature rated games to minors. And this point comes up anytime anything that is banned, boycotted or seriously criticized. Just defend it as art and cry censorship.

Art Critic or Game Reviewer?
So if games are art, does that make the legions of video-game reviewers art critics then? And this brings up the point of experience too. Art critics generally go to school to study art themselves, learn about art history, technique and often dabble as artists. This isn't the case with game reviewers (many of whom have little or no journalist training, but don't get me started), who are just as often life-long gamers. There is nothing wrong with being a gamer turned reviewer, but are these reviewers skilled to be art critics?

If not, what does their opinion matter if games are suddenly art? And this brings up another interesting question as well: if games are art and get bad reviews, can't the producers/developers just say, "these people didn't understand my vision." Try explaining that when Hour of Victory ships filled with bugs. Were the bugs part of the artistic vision?

Games certainly have artistic qualities and elements. There are even games that are absolute masterpieces. And there are artists — from graphical artists to true visionaries in the world of video games. Wil Wright and Sid Meier are true artists, even if the games that they make aren't entirely art.

Trying to label games as a whole as art diminishes the word and the meaning of art. Not every painting is art, and not every film is art; and certainly no one would say Bloodrayne the movie is art. But Bloodrayne the game wasn't art either. Most important, let's not use the A-word as a way to get around bans and to defend what is truly not art.

Peter Suciu is a New York City-based freelance writer who has covered consumer electronics, technology, video games and the toy industry for more than a decade. In that time his work has appeared in more than three dozen publications including Newsweek, PC Magazine and Wired. His two addictions are iced tea and TV, preferably high-def.

 
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(9) COMMENTS

JDMCN:
Really?...How can you say videogames aren't art, some aren't art but some are just way to amazing....More »


Comments

By trsim at 10:38 PM ON 08/23/07

I think I can agree with you on most of your points.

To claim all of video games as art is simply ludicrous. As you pointed out, not books or songs are necessarily art. While I wouldn't consider some stories art, I would consider some novels forms of art, such as certain sci-fi novels and story lines where the author is asking a question of society and posing what s/he believes is what could happen and how society can change that from happening.

While I don't believe that video games as a whole are art, I do believe in the possibility that there are games or potential for games to be art in the same respect as the example mentioned above. I will admit that I am neither an art critic nor a journalist. I have also not attended schools for either of these. Nevertheless, I do believe art is what challenges us and moves us, and can encourage us or chastise us.

I agree that most games are not art (I refrain from using "all" here simply because I have only explored a minority of games personally), but I would argue that games do have the potential to be art.

(If someone else has previously expressed these words and I did not give due credit I apologize.)

By Natus at 11:33 PM ON 08/23/07

I once went to the MoMA museum in NYC with a friend who by every conceivable standard was better educated than I was. In every way, he had a considerable advantage on me regarding brains, at least book-smarts. When we went through the more controversial exhibits, he had no problem sneering at certain works and labeling them as "frauds" and "scams." I was horrified and aghast, as I found a good few of the works he despised and denigrated quite beautiful, and yes, I considered them art.

We disagreed. So what? This whole argument make idiots of people on both sides, but particularly those who claim video games aren't art. Who are they to judge? Who is Ebert? Who is Suciu? Lots of educated, cultivated men in Nazi Germany condemned most of the artistic output of their century in Germany as trash (along with the men who produced it.) Rudy Giuliani and other conservative New Yorkers condemned controversial and perhaps blasphemous works shown at the Brooklyn Museum. Were they right?

Obviously video games are art, but it's all in the eye of the beholder, isn't it? When you first emerge from the train station and meet your first vista of the dessicated city in Half Life 2, or when you take your first griffon ride in World of WarCraft, are those experiences art? To me, yes. Perhaps not to others.

So then what's the point? My point is that neither Ebert nor Suciu have a point.

By TheAdlerian at 11:53 PM ON 08/23/07

That was a poor article. It doesn't seem that the author knows what art is, as he never defines it for the reader, but sides with the anti-art camp. That's a baseless approach.

Art is something that evokes feeling that is shared between the creator and the people viewing it.(see bottom link)

I imagine that certain games, I'm thinking of Call of Duty, were designed to make one feel what it was like to be in WWII. Other games which have parties to take care of tend to make me become invested in the characters want to keep them alive and I feel sadness if they die. This is on par with a quality movie, for me.

That's art at least according to Tolstoy, who said real art does this: "#25. There is one indubitable indication distinguishing real art from its counterfeit, namely, the infectiousness of art. If a man, without exercising effort and without altering his standpoint on reading, hearing, or seeing another man's work, experiences a mental condition which unites him with that man and with other people who also partake of that work of art, then the object evoking that condition is a work of art. And however poetical, realistic, effectful, or interesting a work may be, it is not a work of art if it does not evoke that feeling (quite distinct from all other feelings) of joy and of spiritual union with another (the author) and with others (those who are also infected by it)."

I believe that people who don't play certain kinds of games can know the shared, and intended, feelings that they evoke. So, a nongamer can't judge the value of them as art.


http://www.csulb.edu/~jvancamp/361r14.html

"#4. The activity of art is based on the fact that a man, receiving through his sense of hearing or sight another man's expression of feeling, is capable of experiencing the emotion which moved the man who expressed it. To take the simplest example; one man laughs, and another who hears becomes merry; or a man weeps, and another who hears feels sorrow. A man is excited or irritated, and another man seeing him comes to a similar state of mind. By his movements or by the sounds of his voice, a man expresses courage and determination or sadness and calmness, and this state of mind passes on to others. A man suffers, expressing his sufferings by groans and spasms, and this suffering transmits itself to other people; a man expresses his feeling of admiration, devotion, fear, respect, or love to certain objects, persons, or phenomena, and others are infected by the same feelings of admiration, devotion, fear, respect, or love to the same objects, persons, and phenomena."

By tali713 at 12:46 AM ON 08/24/07

It has been said already in more eloquent words then I have to offer. To state that videogames are not art is a greatest fallacy. It is to say that photographs are not art because so many of them are merely vacation snapshots. Paintings are not art, have you seen the water colors in playboy. Poetry is not art, for there once was a man from Nantucket.

Pure simple sophistry, and to no purpose. Video games. Truth, the entirety of programming is an art both in the classical sense, the same sense that inventors mean when they refer to their own work, and in the the sense that they have the avility to influence how we think, what we think about and how we feel. Some are shallow forms of populist art(Resident Evil), some touch on the political and philosophical (Metal Gear Saga), some seek to tell a story(Final Fantasy), and some are abstract works of art in and of themselves(Rez).

To treat the product of programming as merely a way to divert yourself is, to my mind, an insult both to the medium and to the artists and artisans who crafted your entertainment.

On the other hand, not every sketch every drawn was a masterpiece.

By TunaMurray at 10:50 AM ON 08/24/07

Myst

By cmysites at 4:59 PM ON 08/24/07

I love this photo! Hilarious - Suddenly I actually want to go to an art museum.
--
Max ... Out!
http://www.cmyos.com - free online operating system

By steve112285 at 9:12 PM ON 08/26/07

It seems to me that any serious article discussing whether video games are art should first include the definition of art that is being used. Once the definition is clearly stated, one can then argue which video games fit this definition and which do not, and agreement between people will be much more likely. The real discussion should therefore be focused on the merits and shortcomings of different definitions of the word art.

By Mel at 10:34 PM ON 09/03/08

I was hoping to read an article stating the reasons why video games cannot be high art Instead it reads that some video games are not art. Duh. Some movies (most) are not art. Some photographs are not art. Some paintings are not art.
So my question is, do you feel the medium itself cannot be used to produce art? Please clarify and explain why.

By JDMCN at 8:45 PM ON 11/04/08

Really?...How can you say videogames aren't art, some aren't art but some are just way to amazing.


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